We have all seen people with abnormalities in the face, jaw and mouth. For example, their lower jaw is forward or backward from normal. Or have a small chin. And other such cases. These people often suffer from discomforts such as chronic pain, breathing problems, abnormal speech problems, biting when chewing, excessive wear and tear of teeth, and so on. These anomalies will also lead to low self-esteem due to the common definitions of aesthetics in today’s societies. But these problems can be corrected. For example, in the case of the beauty of people whose upper jaw is not developed enough, their noses may be much larger than their faces. Moving the upper jaw forward corrects problems, and moving the face forward makes facial features more pronounced and noticeable. Or a chin that is back or small; In this case, jaw surgery to bring the lower chin forward gives more balance to the profile and makes the nose look a little smaller and the chin more prominent.
In this article, we will give a brief and at the same time complete explanation about maxillofacial surgery in Iran.
What is maxillofacial surgery?
Oral and maxillofacial surgery is a specialty that focuses on reconstructive facial surgery, facial trauma surgery, oral cavity, head and neck, jaw as well as facial beauty.
This surgery is a dental specialty and surgeons are trained to diagnose and treat a wide range of diseases, injuries and defects of the head, neck, face, jaws and hard and soft tissues of the oral area as well as aesthetic defects of these areas.
Oral surgery is often a team effort performed in collaboration with an oral and maxillofacial surgeon and orthodontist. Both of these are specialized fields of dentistry because teeth play a very important role in this surgery.
The first step in diagnosing the need for maxillofacial surgery is to recognize the normal jaw as unhealthy and abnormal. If the person’s jaw is abnormal, so that his chewing, speaking and breathing functions are impaired, it is a good option for this surgery. Cases that convince your doctor to perform maxillofacial surgery include:
Anterior mandible
Posterior mandible
Mandibular deviation
No chin
Maxillary deviation
Severe maxillary stenosis
Excessive gingivitis when smiling
Open bite (when the upper and lower teeth are stacked, a space is created between them)
Involuntary breathing through the mouth
Existence of a tumor in the jaw
Difficulty chewing and swallowing food
Chronic pain in their jaws and joints
But what causes this condition in some people? It can be said that genetic factors and congenital syndromes and complications caused by trauma to the jaw and face are the most important causes of abnormalities in the jaw and face area. People who have problems with their jaw and face for various reasons, such as illness or accident, etc., or who intend to have cosmetic facial surgeries, it is better to consult a skilled and experienced surgeon to get the ideal result.
In fact, those who go to an oral and maxillofacial surgeon may do so only for the purpose of treatment or beautification, or both. Jaw surgery is also a type of cosmetic surgery.
This surgery will also improve the appearance of a person’s face by correcting the irregularity of the jaw bones.
First, the part of the bone above the jaw on which the tooth is placed is removed. The upper jaw is then secured in place using plates and screws.
Maxillofacial surgery in Iran
Correction of mandibular protrusion: The bone at the back of the jaw is detached from the front and repaired. Mandibular surgery allows the area where the tooth is placed to move backwards and align.
Maxillofacial surgery in Iran
Jaw retraction: The bone in the lower part of the jaw is detached from the base and repaired. Then the part of the mandible where the tooth is placed and part of the chin is moved forward.
What age is suitable for maxillofacial surgery?
This surgery should be performed when the growth of the jawbone is complete. Therefore, the best time to do this is after puberty and in fact 18 to 25 years old. Because the growth of the jaw at this age reaches its final stage and stops.
Facial changes by jaw surgery should also be performed at the same age as the person has reached puberty.
However, if the patient’s jaw has an acute problem, the surgeon will focus on correcting the problem in the jaw, and the age of the applicant will not matter.
Complications of maxillofacial surgery
In general, any surgery has its complications and risks. Regarding maxillofacial surgery, it should be said that the experience and skill of the surgeon is an effective factor in the rate of postoperative complications. A skilled surgeon should examine all the complications of the patient’s oral and maxillary structure and then proceed with surgery. Of course, the patient must also discuss all his demands for this surgery with the surgeon.
The most important complication of this type of surgery is damage to the nerves resulting in numbness of the face and mouth. During the surgery, an effort is made not to damage the nerves of the jaws, however, as soon as the surgery is over, you may have anesthesia in parts of the face. This problem will improve over time.
Other complications of maxillofacial surgery include bleeding, infection, swelling, stiffness of the jaw (for several months), and complications associated with anesthesia and anesthesia. For the first few days after jaw surgery, the face is swollen and bruised, so the changes can not be seen properly. As soon as the swelling of the face and the bruising subside, the patient can notice the changes in his face.
The result of jaw surgery in Iran
Correcting jaw problems can lead to:
Making the chewing process easier and generally improving the function of the teeth
Balance of facial components
Improves sleep and breathing
Improving speech disorders
Appearance beauty and increase confidence
Measures before and after jaw surgery
As mentioned, this surgery is often performed in collaboration with an orthodontist and orthodontist. The patient is usually treated by an orthodontist before surgery so that the teeth are in perfect condition for surgery and then surgery is performed. Preparing for jaw surgery generally requires an orthodontic procedure over a period of 9 to 14 months. Also, after surgery, an orthodontic course is needed again, but the course will be different for each person.
Maxillofacial surgery is performed in a hospital and after that the patient must be hospitalized for 1 day.
One of the most important measures after jaw surgery is to control the movement of the jaw. This means that the jaws tend to return to their previous position, which must be countered. Orthodontic devices are used for this purpose. About six to nine months later, these devices are taken out of the mouth and replaced with removable plates. This helps to stabilize the position of the teeth.
After discharge, the patient must take care to complete the process. For example, when resting, the head should be higher than the body. Use prescribed medications regularly and at specific times. Avoid brushing in the operated wards for a while. Avoid strenuous physical activity. Nutrition after surgery is also an issue that needs to be addressed. Patients should have a light diet; Eat soft foods such as soups, mashed potatoes, etc.
Cost of jaw surgery in Iran
The cost of jaw surgery is determined by the type of deformity in the mouth and jaw.
It also varies whether the surgery is performed for medical or cosmetic reasons, and whether or not it is covered by insurance.
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