Surgery for cleft palate: Lip clefts and cleft palate are congenital defects that occur in the lips and mouth at birth. It affects about one in every 700 births and is more common among Asian people.
Lip clefts and cleft palate occur early in pregnancy, when both sides of the lip and the roof of the mouth are forming and merging. In children, a cleft lip or palate cleft may occur at the same time.
Lip and palate clefts are more common in boys. It is also important to know that most babies born with cleft palate or lip have no other malformations and are healthy for other organs.
In these cases, the plastic surgeon comes in and tries to repair the cleft palate in the early years of life. Therapeutic intervention may also be required several times during the child’s development.
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Cleft palate in Iran
A cleft palate occurs when the mouthpiece is not fully closed, resulting in a cleft in the mouth that can extend to the nasal cavity.
There may be a gap on both sides of the palate. The cleft can start from the front of the mouth (hard) and continue to the throat (soft).
Often cleft palate also affects the lip. The cleft palate attracts less attention than the cleft lip because it develops inside the oral cavity. The condition may be the only disorder in the child or it may be related to cleft lip or other syndromes.
In many cases, other family members have experienced a cleft palate at birth.
Lip cleft in Iran
Lip cleft is a malformation that does not fully develop during embryonic period. The severity and severity of these abnormalities vary greatly, from mild (shallow cleft) to severe (large cleft that extends from the lips to the nose).
Depending on the severity of the cleft lip and its location, different names give this complication. If the lip cleft is formed on one side of the mouth and is not extended to the nose, it is called a “one-sided” lip cleft.
If the lip cleft is formed on one side of the mouth and extends to the nose, it is called a “one-sided” lip cleft. If the lip cleft is involved on both sides of the mouth and is extended to the nose, it is called a “full-sided” lip cleft.
The cleft lip or cleft lip may appear separately or simultaneously in individuals. The severity and severity of these abnormalities can be quite different in both cleft lip and palate. The first complication of this disorder is the disruption of nutrition in children.
Causes and causes of cleft lip or palate
The exact cause of the cleft lip and palate cleft is not fully understood. The cleft lip and palate are inherited from the offspring by numerous genetic factors.
Environmental factors are also involved in the disease, but scientists have not yet fully understood its mechanism. When a combination of genetic and environmental factors causes a disease, it is called a “multifactorial” disease (meaning that different factors will work together to cause the disease).
Since genes play an important role in this disease, lip and cleft palate may be more prevalent in some families. The more members of a family are affected, the greater the chance of the disease in that family.
If parents do not have cleft palate or lips, but their child is affected, their chances of having another child will be 2 to 8 percent.
If one parent has a cleft palate or lip but their child has not, the chance of their next child having a cleft palate is about 4 to 6 percent.
If one parent and one of the children have a cleft palate or lip, their chances of having a future child will increase. Therefore, genetic counseling is recommended in these cases.
Signs and symptoms of cleft lip and palate
Since the disease is obvious, the symptoms and symptoms of this complication can be seen at the doctor’s initial examination of the baby. Since the incidence of this complication can vary, after examination of the mouth and lips the severity of the disease will be determined. The condition of the lips and the roof of the mouth should be evaluated by a doctor. Possible complications associated with cleft lip and palate cleft include:
Beyond disrupting a person’s beauty, some of the possible complications of cleft lip and palate include:
Eating Disorder: More nutritional problems arise from cleft palate abnormalities. Since the roof is not fully formed, the baby may not be able to suck properly.
Ear infections and hearing loss: This disorder usually results in a tube that connects the middle ear and throat (eustachian tube), resulting in ear infections. Repeated infections can affect the hearing.
Speech Disorders and Speech Delay: Muscle function may be diminished due to a gap in the roof of the mouth and lips, which may delay or impair the child’s speech. In these cases, a speech therapist is recommended.
Dental problems: As a result of this anomaly, the teeth may not grow naturally. Usually, orthodontic treatment is needed in these cases.
Treatments available for children and adults with cleft lip and palate
There are currently a variety of lip cosmetic surgeries available for infants and children with cleft lip and palate, and for adults with cleft lip and palate there are many therapeutic options available.
It is often attempted to have lips treated by the end of adolescence, but if necessary or if the patient’s expected results are not met, people may be treated in later years. In addition, new ways of managing the cleft lip are available over time.
Finally, older people can have a genetic counseling with a physician before attempting childbirth, about the likelihood of their child getting the disorder.
surgery
In the first consultation session with your doctor, the plastic surgeon will discuss the details of this cosmetic surgery, the risks, complications, costs, recovery time and treatment outcome. At this time, the surgeon will answer any questions you may have.
After lip cleft surgery in Iran
Your child may become irritable after cleft palate surgery. Your doctor may prescribe medications to help remedy this condition.
Also, special clothing may be worn on your baby and baby to prevent stitches from rubbing and manipulating the surgical area. If the absorbable sutures are used, they will spontaneously dissolve, otherwise they will be removed by the physician within 5 to 7 days after surgery.
You will be given specific instructions on how to care for your baby and how to feed it after surgery. The surgical scar will gradually fade away, but may not completely heal.
During surgery and for a short period of time afterwards, the baby is fed with an intravenous (IV) catheter until it can receive nutrition through the mouth.
For a day or two after surgery, the baby may have mild pain, which will be managed by aspirin-free painkillers. Your child may also be prescribed medications for home use.
Your baby’s upper lip and nose are sutured in the area of surgery. Swelling, bruising and minor bleeding around the sutures are normal.
cleft palate surgery in Iran
After cleft palate surgery in Iran
Usually cleft palate surgery is a bit heavier than lip cleft surgery and may cause more pain and discomfort to people.
The surgeon may prescribe painkillers for your baby. Because of the pain and injury at the surgical site, your baby may not be able to feed normally.
This process continues until the child is able to resume eating and drinking. The surgery site that underwent cleft palate closure with suture thread. The sutures are absorbed after a few days.
Doctors no longer need to have them removed. In some cases, inside the mouth, the palate is dressed. This dressing should not be taken out of the mouth until the doctor has given permission.
After cleft palate surgery in Iran
After surgery, some blood may come out of the mouth or nose, which will decrease sharply after one day.
Some people post-operatively swell around their injuries, which declines substantially within a week.
For two to three days, the baby may experience mild pain. For this purpose, your doctor will prescribe aspirin-free painkillers for you. Medications are also prescribed for the patient at home.
Many people will have congestion or a stuffy nose after surgery. Symptoms can include snoring, nose breathing, and loss of taste and smell. Your doctor may prescribe medications to relieve nasal congestion.
You will be given antibiotics at the hospital to prevent infection. Your doctor may ask you to continue using it at home for a while.
Depending on your discretion, your doctor may stay in the hospital for one to three days.
After each meal, wash the affected area with a small amount of water. You can gently rinse your mouth with water several times a day if necessary.
